Single digit Nixie clock

(can drive any other display from the BCD output)

Circuit details

 

    RB0 input: HV control feedback (Vctrl from Voltage divider (1Meg. & 6k8 to ground for approx 180V, a 4.7v Zener diode may be added to secure the PIC input)

·        RB0 to connected to a voltage divider formed from a 1Meg & a 6.8K resistor

·        The 1Meg resistor is between HV and RB0, 6k8 connected between RB0 and GND

·        A 4.7v Zener diode can be connected in between RBO and GND to ensure PIC input pin protection

 

 

 

    RB1 (N/A) reserved DCF-GPS - driven high during initialization and start display sequence 

·        Can be used to drive a LED, turned high also at each start of display sequence

 

 

    RB2 (N/A) reserved DCF-GPS

·        Not in used with the PIC16F628 version

 

 

    RB3 output: PWM for HV generation (40kHz, dynamic duty, to Mosfet gate, a 0.47ohm may be added in between the gate, IRF640 / 740A / 840  will do very fine)

·        RB3 is connected to the Gate of a IRF640 Mosfet (a low value resistor can be inserted in between to minimize RC Mosfet Gate effect)

·        The Source of the Mosfet is pull-down to GND

·        The Drain of the Mosfet is tied to an Inductor (100uH to 330uH the higher value give the lower HV power (a 120uH will do fine for most tubes even large ones)

·        The Inductor other side is tied to the positive power input through a current limiting resistor (0.01 to 0.5 ohm) (to the logic 5V side or the 9 to 12V input)

·        A low ESR capacitor between GND and input voltage placed close to the input of the current limiting  resistor

·        A ultra-fast diode is connected to the Drain of the Mosfet (Anode side) (diode chosen with a recovery time of 75ns or less / 300V or more)

·        The Cathode side of the diode is connected to a low ESR high voltage capacitor(+) (about 250V or more – from 0.470 to 4uF)

·        A lower value non polarized capacitor can be added between HV and GND

·        The connection between RB3 & mosfet Gate, Mosfet Drain & Diode/inductor, HV capacitor & Diode are to be kept as short as possible

 

        

    RB4 74141 BCD 0

    RB5 74141 BCD 1

    RB6 74141 BCD 2

    RB7 74141 BCD 3

 

 

    RA0 output: Anode control (luminosity management, fad-in display, couple MPSA42/MPSA92 does a good anode driver)

·        RA0 is connected to the MPSA42 base through a 33K resistor

·        MPSA42 emitter is connect to GND

·        MPSA42 collector is connected to the MPSA92 base through a 470K resistor

·        MPSA92 base is connected to HV through a 100K resistor

·        MPSA92 collector is connected to Anode Nixie through the current limiting resistor

·        MPSA92 emitter is connected to HV

 

 

    RA1 output: backlight / auxiliary output DP (drive the backlight LED directly or via a transistor, active high)

·        Drive a LED Anode directly or a LED cathode through an NPN transistor

·        If transistor is used, any NPN will do, RA1 is connected to transistor base through a 1 to 10K resistor

·        Transistor emitter is connected to GND

·        Transistor collector to the LED Cathode

 

    RA2 output: DP 1/2Hz

·        As per RA1, use HV transistor if driving a neon bulb cathode

 

 

    RA3 input: master switch (add 10K pull-up resistor, pull-down to GND by the switch via a 100 to 270ohm resistor)

·        RA3 is connected to a 10K pull-up resistor

·        RA3 is connected to one side of a NO switch

·         Other side of the switch is connected to GNG directly or through a 100 to 270ohm resistor

 

    RA4 output: alarm ON/OFF (Active low output, open collector) (10K pull up may be needed, can drive PNP like MPSA43, or low power active buzzer directly)

·        RA4 is connected to the base of a PNP MPSA43 transistor through a 10K resistor

·        MPSA43 emitter is connected to VCC

·        MPSA43 collector is the alarm output (!no frequency output, just on / off)

 

 

    RA5 MCLR / master switch (pull-up as per PIC datasheet (~1K) or voltage controlled reset by external component (i.e. TCM809)

 

 

    RA6 crystal driver / output command for electromagnetic chime gong (crystal default) 

·         Crystal is connected to RA6 & RA7, both crystal pin are tied to GND or VDD through ~27pf capacitor (see crystal manufacturer data)

 

 

    RA7 input: crystal frequency

 

Grayed texts above are optional program options / features


 

Version 1 rev 0 - Patrick Mignot 2009